About 88% of the strength of a wood-glass composite comes from the glass; only 12% from the wood. As mentioned, it's not glass thickness, per se, but total stack.
If you have a for for a bow and have made weight and length X in that style, you can use the Lam Stack Calculator (that can be found here at Trad Gang)to calculate the lam stack and length for a new bow of the same design. Worked just fine for me recently on both recurve and flatbow designs that I'm finishing and will show when they're done.