The only one I can think of is hide glue. You can use the crystals which you rehydrate. If you have a hard time finding it, TB makes a hide glue also in liquid form. Although it is inferior in bonding strength and setup time to traditional hide glue. Knox clear gelatin can also be used there are a few recipes online
Gelatin Glue recipe . It is similar in strength to traditional hide glue. I know some instrument makers (luthiers) who use it.
These all like reasonably tight joints, but are no where near as finicky as resorcinol glues. The advantage using these over PVA glues is that once a PVA glued joint fails, you have to get back to bare wood to get good adhesion again. With the hide glue, just wet, heat and reapply. Dried hide glue is very much like dried out jello when it is cured(less tasty though).
If it is not structural, you could use a water based wood filler, Minwax makes a few.