River Cane, Cane (Arundinaria gigantea)
Description: A grasslike bamboo with short side branches and small leaves. Commonly seen along rivers, creeks, and low-lying areas throughout the Southeast. Its leaves often lack stalks (petioles) and the leaves are often deciduous in winter, especially in Zone 7.
Native Habitat: Grows from Maryland west to Missouri and south to Florida and Texas. Especially abundant in the Mississippi valley.
Size: There are two varieties of river cane. The most commonly seen variety is "switch cane" or subspecies tecta which rarely grows over 5 feet. However the larger variety gigantea can grow to 20 feet or more, with culms growing to about one inch in diameter. Before European settlement, some stands of cane grew to a much larger size. William Bartram mentions one grove on the Tombigbee River with culms 30 to 40 feet high and 3 or 4 inches in diameter.
Cold hardiness: Hardy to at least -10 degrees F. Plants from inland locations may be hardier than plants from coastal areas.
Culture: Plant in full sun to light shade in a well-drained soil.