I would get a test pack of shafts with quite a few spine ranges included, which I, as well as quite a few other shaft suppliers, can do. I'd probably start with around 65# or 70# in your test pack and go up from there, depending on what bows you're shooting. Douglas Fir would suit your needs very well, as they come in the higher spine ranges whereas cedar and spruce can only be consistently had in spines up to 75# or so.
For bare essentials you're going to start with a quality fletching tool, as well as glue, nocks, and points. If you want to do the point and nock tapers yourself, you'll want a good taper tool. If you have a combination belt/disk sander, I highly recommend a Tim's Taper Tool for nocks and points, or making your own. You can hand straighten your arrows, but I recommend either making a hook straightener or buying a Shaft Tamer. With some practice, you'll be able to make very straight shafts with either of these methods combined with hand straightening. If you want to do finishing yourself, either make a dip tube out of PVC or buy one...use a quality finish..I recommend Spar Urethane to start due to its waterproofing qualities. For stains, I like aniline and Rit dyes.
From there you can get fancier and get a cresting machine and everything, but I think it's a good idea to start simple and work up from there.
Have fun!
Craig