Perhaps the best solution, but also the most expensive, is hardwood footed shafts. They not only get the weight up above Dr. Ashby's minimum of 650 grains big-big game, but put most of that weight up front for max FoC. At the other extreme, the cheapest heavy hardwood shafts I've found are maple, which deliver 700 grain arrows (11/32) with 160gr pounts at 29". About the same price as cedar. I still have a few skinny hickory shafts -- thinner by far than 11/32 though perhaps not a standard size. A few years ago I shot completely through a cow with one, hitting ribs both in and out. I found that shaft, resharpened the point and the next year shot completely through a bull, also hitting ribs on both sides. They weigh 750 with 160 gr. points and are indestructible though occasionally need straightening. All the advice from others, above, is excellent. dave