I shoot all types of shafts, wood, carbon, and aluminum. I perfer aluminum because the are so consistant for weight and spine, true they are not as tough as carbon, but then it is not my intention to shoot rocks, trees, or stumps. When I shoot game, I write the arrow off anyway. To be honest, about have of the animals I have shot with carbons resulted in a broken shaft anyway.
Wood is so romantic, but you will go through a lot of shafts to get a matched dozen, and then they won't be up to the specs of a dozen alumninum or some carbons.
I have found the difference between weight of one dozen carbons to the next as much as six to seven grains.
I would suggest for a beginner to start out with aluminum shafts. They are a bit cheaper, if you screw a few up it has a tendency not to hurt as much as losing a couple of carbons. Until you get the hang of bareshaft tuning, or whatever method you select, I think you will have an easier time with alloys.
Is one better than another? That is a question best left up to the individual. Carbon gives that powerful stacked kinetic energy that drives the arrow deep, aluminum is easier to tune for me, wood is what I started with. I just don't have the time or money to purchase a hundred shafts just to find a dozen or so that are within 4 to 5 grains of each other, and still be with 4 to 5 pounds in the spine range. Do I shoot that well to know the difference, most likely not, but if I know they are different, it affects me mentally, and that affects my shooting.
Having said the above, listen to what everyone says, and make a choice. Heck, you can always change your mind, I have many times over my forty plus years of shooting.