Just to throw a few thoughts into the mix...the size vs. mass issue must be viewed considering the properties of the material and the desired draw weight. Meaning, if we only consider, for instance, fiberglass laminated, wood core limbs, we would need thicker limbs on a long bow to reach a given draw weight, but with shorter limbs, we can get that draw weigth using thinner core wood. So, the longer limbs have more mass, not only because they are longer, but because they are also thicker, for the same draw weight.
All of this only applies to the working part of the limbs. In reality, talking about takedown recurves, hunting recurves have, in general, the same limb lengths as Olympic target limbs; it is the hunting RISERS that are shorter. Target risers are tipically 23 or 25", whereas hunting risers go from 15 to 20-21". That is where most of the size difference comes. In fact, many people use target limbs (mainly ILF) on short hunting risers, 15 to 19" long, with excellent results. And even if you look at one-piece bows, of any kind, those that have a "riser", non-bending section in the middle, have that rigid section smaller (sometimes much smaller) than the typical 25" riser of a 70" target bow.
JMHO, of course...I'm sure many, more experienced members will know far more about this than I do. If I said something wrong, please, correct me, so that we can all learn.
Thanks.
DF