You can add to that,that animals also stress and go farther as long as the arrow stays in.With pass throughs,they often slow to a walk.Fred Bear felt that not getting a pass through could lengthen recovery 4 to 5 times.Thinking back,that seems to be close to my experience.For sure,the shortest recoveries were from clean pass through shots.
It is true that an arrow staying in can cause a lot of damage but it also reduces blood sign as Kirk pointed out and often causes a panicked flight which greatly affects distance of travel.
You have to walk up on your first elk on the ground to truly get how big and tough they are.