Static spine is measured on a spine tester. It doesn't change for a given arrow. However, we can change how the arrow acts under the forces of the shot, i.e., it's dynamic spine.
We can make the arrow behave weaker (bend more) by adding point weight, , i.e., we decrease its dynamic spine. Or we can make it behave more stiffly by shortening it, reducing point weight or adding weight to the nock end. That increases the dynamic spine.
Can't change an arrow's diameter, but arrows of the same static spine, but different diameters, will behave differently when shot, i.e., they will have different dynamic spines.