There are obviously threats from several directions.
We've moved from a rural society to an urban/suburban society.
Our hunter demographics are graying with the baby boomers and fewer and fewer youth's are getting into the sport.
There are several reasons for that too, kids growing up in cities and concrete suburbs are one. Computers and the structured activities from urban/suburban life is another.
But to me, the biggest threat in the present and future is not nearly enough hunters understand that "WE" ARE the "game" managers. We are the final line of defense, and ironically, offense.
In the real modern world, hunting can no longer be viewed as a self centered pursuit where one expects state natural resources/game agencies to "get off my back/just let me hunt/don't tell me what I can't shoot".
We're going to have to understand that specific regulations will be needed for specific management goals. And even more so as land becomes more fractured and hunter numbers drop due to aging/less recruitment.
We need to work WITH state agencies, not against them. It's popular on some websites to be against state DNR's on everything. This is actually anti-hunting.
Wildlife biologists are not our enemy. If anything, they are a neglected ally that far too many have used as whipping boys for decades.
The bottom line is, if we don't work hand in hand with state agencies, and craft future regulations that both accomplish management goals and that are palatable to the majority of hunters, state agencies will look elsewhere, away from hunters, to accomplish those goals.
Take deer hunting for example. In many area's across the Midwest, deer herd numbers are already tough to manage thru current hunting rules. If we lose another 30% of our hunters to aging over the next 15 years, the baby boomers dropping out, then managing deer herds with current rules will be impossible.
Hunters used to being able to just go shoot any buck they see will have to adapt. In the not too distant future, like 10-15 years out, things like even far more antlerless tags, more antlerless seasons, antler restrictions, one buck a year, maybe earn a buck, maybe late summer archery openers, etc, will be the rules in nearly every major whitetail state.
Hunters need to understand this and be a part of crafting the rules too. Not merely sitting on the sidelines and complaining about everything state DNR's do.