Try drilling in the handle where it will be hidden.
A hardened blade will be difficult to drill.
For reference, take a piece of known mild steel, use a drill press if you have one, drill a hole. notice how easily it drills.
Then take your blade, drill in the handle, if you put pressure on it and the drill bit doesn't drill easy, then it is probably hardened fine. No need to actually drill a hole, but you can get an idea of the hardness.
Not a scientific method, but hardened blades, while you can drill them, will burn up drill bits fast and are hard to drill.
If you can drill into it "not easy, but not hard", then it may have been tempered but be a cheap steel that won't ever get real hard. It'll still work but won't hold an edge as long as good steel.
Dan