In Traditional Bowhunter, Apr/May 1993, Monty Browning wrote an article, "Heavy Arrows for Dangerous Game." I will not reproduce the article -- space plus copyright difficulties -- but go to the interesting part. Emphasis added.
I cannot believe standard of accuracy has changed since the article was written. Shafts identified appear to be the solution to everyone's problems concerning penetration and shaft breakage/durability. But, as far as I know, no stampede to using the shafts identified has occurred.
***
Once I discovered that I couldn't shoot a 2419 size shaft through a 2117 size hole in solid bone, I tried several experimental shaft materials before I settled on what I still consider the ultimate arrow for dangerous African game. I even went so far as to try solid steel shafts. . . .
Finally I settled on solid glass fish arrows and have shot them exclusively since 1985 for everything from tournaments, North American game, and African dangerous game. . . .
Admittedly, after changing exclusively to fish arrows, my tournament scores dropped considerably. I shot under most of the long shots. Even now, 40 yards is about the best I can hope for with any degree of accuracy. But any bowhunter worth his salt can crawl closer than 40 yards before taking a shot. . . .
Recently, I have shortened my arrow shafts to slightly reduce the weight and to improve their flight, and I settled on a broadhead-tipped arrow that tips the scales at a cool 1,200 grains. That weigh shoots flat (relatively speaking) under 30 yards and efficiently utilizes all of the bow's stored energy. My bow is completely silent and has zero hand shock. . . .
Those interested in trying fish arrows can start by removing the slip on plastic fletch. Nock and point tapers can be cut using standard taper tools, but the job is much easier if the shaft is chucked in a hand drill and the tapers cut fast. Keep replacement blades handy, because the glass shaft material eats blades. Tapers can be ground also using a 12 inch section of 2117 aluminum shaft as a guide. C-clamped at the proper angle to the grindstone wheel, and the fish arrow inserted through the tube.
For fletching, I would strongly suggest TrueFlight's "MAXI-FLETCH" or an equivalent sized feather shaft. If standard 5 1/2 inch feathers are used, I would suggest a four-fletch. Field points or blunts may fly quite well with standard fletch, but broadheads may tend to windplane with small feathers.
I used to pick through dozens of fish arrow shafts to get the straight ones, but recently I have found that even the worst shafts shoot better than I do out to 40 yards.