Chad,
I moved to Alaska in 1980. The first 30 years were in SE Alaska, mostly in Juneau. I'm now living in the Mat-Su valley between Palmer and Wasilla.
SE Alaska is nice if you don't mind getting wet. You don't get to see the sun and blue sky or stars all that much. I think Haines has better weather and is a pretty nice town. I don't know what the land situation is there.
The biggest problem with SE is getting around it. You either go by water (your boat or the ferry), or you fly. The ferry system is struggling financially, so the schedule is limited, and it has kind of expensive fares. Haines has a bit of an advantage in that it is connected to the continental road system, but you have a bit of a drive to get to the rest of Alaska, and you have to cross through Canada, which could be a problem if you want to bring firearms along with your archery and fishing gear.
Since you want to travel and explore, I think that the Kenai, or even the Mat-Su area might be areas to consider. The core area of the Mat-Su (between Wasilla and Palmer) is getting pretty well populated, but you need only go 15-20 miles N, E or W and the population thins out quite a bit with plenty of elbow room. You could look towards Willow or further North towards Talkeena or Trapper Creek to get an even more "rustic" setting. I don't know too much about Sutton to the East. Going only as far as Big Lake, or down towards Pt. Mackenzie might be worth looking into also.
As far as weather goes, where I'm at, I can see salt water, so I'm in a maritime environment temp wise, with only about 17 inches of precip per year. The temps during the winter generally stay above zero, but we do have a week or two in the -15 to -20 deg temps. Of course, when you start moving away from the coast, it starts getting colder. I guess you can go to Wikipedia to get the typical weather for most places you want to check out.
I'll stop here. I guess the biggest thing I'd suggest to consider is the ease of travel and how important that is to you, and go from there.