From my experience (wouldn't consider myself an expert), the major differences are grip, noise, speed, and length.
I shoot hybrid longbows with deflex/reflex that I feel offer the best of both worlds. Shorter length, higher speed, quiet, you can get a grip however you want, and most can be cut to center.
Typically, standard longbows are quieter, slower, longer, and have lower wrist grips. Recurves are shorter, louder, faster, and higher wrist grips. Not all bows are created equal and results may vary. I would shoot a few of both and see what you like.
Welcome to TG!