Mojostick,
I had surgery a year ago last month to correct what they "thought" was a tear in my rotator cuff tendon. This was after a series of a couple cortisone shots put directly into the shoulder to try and remedy the issue.
Long story, made shorter..........they really don't know "exactly" what is done until they actually get inside the shoulder. It is a very complicated joint and the MRI's just doesn't show them the "true" problem always. The surgeon told me on the day of the surgery that they were gonna go into the shoulder with a scope, but if the problem was more severe than could be corrected in this manner that they would open the shoulder up.
When they got inside, they did in fact find a "partial tear" to the rotator cuff and a slap tear that was causing most of the problem. The slap tear is actually in the bone socket itself in the cartilage that surrounds the inside of the socket. They corrected the problems and off to "physical therapy" I went. Let me tell ya, the first few sessions of that was a lot like torture.
The first thing they work on is getting full range of motion back and that wasn't a pleasant thing......but I got through it and then just as Shane C said, they move onto strengthening the shoulder muscles. I was back to shooting a bow by mid-May of last year. I truly believe that it takes from 9 months to a full year to get your shoulder completely back to what you had before any shoulder issues started.
There are lots of stretches and strengthening exercises that you will need to CONTINUE to do to eleviate any future problems.......at least if you are on the upper side of the mid-40's in age. I've had two scopes on one of my knee's and in comparison to a shoulder surgery, I'd rather have about a dozen knee scopes than one shoulder repair. It just takes soooooooooooo much longer to get over totally, and that being dependant on you doing your part with the physical therapy.
I'm not trying to scare you of the surgery, with me it was a necessary thing to even live a "somewhat normal" life again. My shoulder still "aches" at times, expecially during the night and when it gets cold. I guess that is part of getting older. The biggest thing that I notice, as I'm getting older is that everytime that I get an injury it takes me longer to get totally back to normal again. I think that's just part of the "aging process".
Find yourself a good sports doctor to do the surgery and then do the physical therapy with a sports based therapist if at all possible. THEY are the ones that will get you back to your "normal".........the fastest. Notice I didn't say "easiest"........because there is nothing easy about recovering from shoulder injuries. They just plain SUCK.......but the alternative is worse.
Winterhawk1960