No, what we think of as "camo" isn't needed. Then again, plaid is camo to the eye.
But as one who has been bowhunting since 1978 and had club members bowhunting my property since the 1940's, the bowhunting pressure back in those days was so light that the deer acted nothing like today.
For example, Michigan has the most bowhunters in the country with over 320,000 bowhunters. Back when I started, there were 1/10th as many licensed bowhunters.
I recall in those days that we could stalk right up on deer during bow season, especially young deer. Now, if a deer sees a hunter some 500 yards across a huge field, it bolts in a panic.