If I am going to use for footed shaft the arrow has to be at least 15 to 20 lbs of spine above what I need for finished shaft. Footing really drops the spine with FOC. If not footing in the 65 to 70 spine range is good so that I can clean up the shaft by sanding it down to my spine.
The hand process I will show you is for footed arrows but as before the same for full length saft if you dont have dowler.
A tool I sometimes use once the corner are rounded.
A lot of hand sanding down to the size you want.
reinforced self nock
Some finished arrows. See the tooling marks on the second from right, didnt need much sanding to make my spine. The first arrow if you look close shows some chip out but very little. The best of the best are set aside to make broadhead arrow.